Understanding Sodium Phosphate Tribasic Dodecahydrate (TSP) CAS 10101-89-0: Uses, Properties, and Safety

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Sodium phosphate tribasic dodecahydrate, with the chemical formula Na₃PO₄·12H₂O, is a compound that plays a crucial role in various industrial and laboratory applications. Commonly referred to as TSP, this chemical is a hydrated form of sodium phosphate. It is primarily used for its buffering, cleaning, and water treatment properties. Sodium phosphate tribasic dodecahydrate TSP CAS 10101-89-0

Key Properties of Sodium Phosphate Tribasic Dodecahydrate

TSP is a white, crystalline, and water-soluble compound. It contains twelve molecules of water for every molecule of sodium phosphate, making it highly hydrated. This compound is highly alkaline, with a pH around 12 in a 1% solution, which gives it excellent cleaning and degreasing capabilities.

Due to its solubility, TSP is widely used in industries requiring strong cleaning agents, such as in the manufacturing of detergents, degreasers, and surface cleaners. It also finds utility in controlling pH levels in different chemical processes.

Common Uses and Applications

  1. Water Treatment: TSP is widely used in water treatment facilities to help control hardness and remove impurities. It acts as an effective water softener by binding to calcium and magnesium ions, preventing scale formation in pipes and equipment.

  2. Cleaning Agent: In both household and industrial cleaning products, TSP is a powerful degreaser. It’s commonly used to clean surfaces like concrete, tiles, and countertops. Its ability to remove stains, oils, and dirt makes it a popular choice for heavy-duty cleaning tasks.

  3. Buffering Agent in Laboratories: In laboratory settings, TSP is used as a buffer in chemical reactions. It helps maintain stable pH levels, which is crucial for many biochemical processes.

  4. Detergents and Soaps: TSP is also a key ingredient in manufacturing phosphate-based detergents, as it improves the effectiveness of cleaning agents by softening water and enhancing the detergent’s ability to break down oils and dirt.

Safety Considerations

While TSP is effective in many applications, handling it requires care due to its highly alkaline nature. It can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system if not handled properly. Proper protective equipment, such as gloves and safety goggles, should be used when working with TSP.

It is also essential to store TSP in a cool, dry place away from incompatible substances, such as acids and strong oxidizers, to prevent dangerous reactions. Always follow safety guidelines and disposal instructions when using or discarding TSP.

Conclusion

Sodium phosphate tribasic dodecahydrate (TSP) is a versatile compound with significant utility across various industries. From water treatment to cleaning and laboratory applications, its effectiveness in managing pH, cleaning, and softening water makes it an essential chemical. However, it is important to use TSP with caution to ensure safety and optimal results in its various applications.

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